Kathāmṛta - 37 - Madanamañcukā-lambaka - The Story of the Prince and the Sons of the Merchant, the Piśāca and the Brāhmaṇa

This article is part 37 of 133 in the series Kathāmṛta

Kaliṅgasenā grew up. Once while she was playing on the terrace, Somaprabhā, the daughter of Mayāsura saw her and thought, ‘Who is this girl who is radiant like the Moon? I think we were friends in our past lives; or else why would I feel so much affection towards her!’ She came down and became friends with her. Then she said, “Living with princes is an ordeal; they are quickly angered from even trivial mistakes; I’ll narrate you the story of the prince and the sons of the merchant. —

The story of the prince and the sons of the merchant

King Guḍhasena of Puṣkarāvati had a son. Since the prince was his only son, the king wouldn’t ever say or do anything no matter what the boy did. The impetuous prince had befriended the son of the town’s merchant Brahmadatta. As years rolled by, the prince came to a marriageable age and his wedding was arranged. On the planned day, along with his friend, the prince embarked on his journey with his retinue, for the city of Ahicchatra, where his wedding was to be held. On the way, as the sun descended, the tired travellers camped for the night on the banks of the river Ikṣumatī. When nearly everyone was asleep, the prince was beseeched by his nanny who found sleep to be elusive, to narrate a story. The prince acquiesced and began to tell a story, but soon fell fast asleep due to the sheer exhaustion from a long day of travel. The nanny too fell into deep slumber before long. The prince’s friend however couldn’t sleep, and lay there idly staring at the stars, even as the hours passed. He was suddenly brought out of his languor by a voice in the sky which complained, ‘Curses upon this miscreant who slept off without completing the captivating story! Come morning, if he ever wears this necklace, may he die!’ Another voice added: ‘If he manages to survive the call of the necklace, may he be enticed to pluck a fruit from a cursed mango tree and drop dead!’ Yet another one proclaimed, ‘Should he make it past the tree, may the roof of the marriage hall he is to enter tomorrow, crash down upon him and crush him to death!’ Boomed another voice: ‘If he escapes that as well, at night, as he is about to go to bed, may he sneeze hard a hundred times! Then, unless for every sneeze of his, someone blesses him by uttering ‘śatāyus’, may he die a horrible death. And if some rogue has heard our curses and tries to reveal all this to the prince beforehand, may he be stuck down dead too!’

Upon hearing such terrible oaths, the merchant’s son became worried. He said to himself, ‘Oh, to hell with this story! The gods who came to listen to the tale ended up hurling curses simply because their curiosity about the story wasn’t sated. I must save my friend somehow! I cannot but disclose any of this to him, or else it will be the end of me.’, and he spent the rest of the night planning what to do the next day.

In the morning when they were about to resume their onward journey, the prince saw the cursed necklace and instinctively reached out to make it his. His friend stopped him by saying ‘This has to be sorcery! Otherwise, wouldn’t the other soldiers have seen it too?, The prince concurred and hence evaded the first swing of death. A little way further, they came upon a mango tree. The alert son of the merchant saw to it that the prince did not pluck a fruit from it. Eventually when they arrived at the destination, just as they came to the marriage hall, the merchant’s son stalled the prince for a little while on some pretext. Within moments, right in front of their eyes, the roof of the hall crashed and the wedding venue turned into rubble. Unbeknownst to the prince, his friend had been a lifesaver. Still, it was not yet over since there was one last curse to be surmounted. The prince’s wedding turned out to be a grand event, and celebrations continued late into the evening. As night fell, the jubilation subsided. When the time came for the prince and his bride to retire to their private chambers, the merchant’s son lay there secretly in wait, to save his friend from a horrible death. As soon as the prince sat on his bed, the last curse took effect and he started sneezing relentlessly. A hundred times did the prince sneeze, and for each one of them did the merchant’s son utter the benedictory ‘śatāyus’ to save his life. Finally after it was all over, as the prince was recuperating, the merchant’s son came out from his hiding place. The prince who was unaware of how his friend had saved him from a certain death, flew into a rage upon seeing him emerge from a corner of his private chambers, that too on his wedding night! In a fit of anger he called for his guards and thundered, ‘This ingrate lay hiding in my bedroom. Arrest him and throw him into a cell. We will deal with him tomorrow!’

The next morning the prince had death sentence pronounced upon the merchant’s son. The sentence was to be carried out the same day. When he was being dragged in chains for his execution, the unfortunate man begged his executioners ‘Pray take me to the prince! I have to explain to him why I had to do what I did. Just grant me that one wish, I beg you. After that, you may do your duty of lopping my head off!’ They reluctantly agreed and hesitatingly brought him to the prince. The merchant’s son calmly narrated the whole episode of the curses of the gods and how he had saved the prince’s life multiple times. Since the prince had seen the wedding hall collapse with his own eyes, he came to believe his friend’s words and finally granted him a royal pardon.

Upon returning to the city of Puṣkarāvati with his head intact, the merchant’s son married a maiden from a respectable family and went on to live a long and happy life. Thus, as you can see, princes are like elephants in rut. They don’t often know what is good for them. Being friends with them is like being friends with a betāla. This is why I say, do not ever let go of my friendship for their sake”, concluded Somaprabhā. To this, princess Kaliṅgasenā replied “Betalas are piśācas. I don’t think princes are like them. Let me narrate you a story —

The story of the piśāca and the brāhmaṇa

There lived a brāhmaṇa in an agrahāra by name Yajñasthala. One day, when he was chopping firewood, he hurt himself in the thigh and that resulted in a wound. He tried all kinds of remedies, but nothing helped and it turned into an ulcer. A friend who saw this told him that if he could please a piśāca, the ulcer would get cured. He said – ‘Get up early in the morning. With your śikhā left loose, go out with two fistfuls of rice and put it in the city square. Come back without ever casting a glance behind you. Keep doing this until the piśāca appears before you and promises to cure the ulcer.’ He also taught him the mantra thought would work well with the method.

The brāhmaṇa did as instructed and pleased the piśāca. The piśāca appeared before him. It brought medicinal herbs from the Himalayas, applied it on to the wound and cured it. It however did not let him free. ‘Show me another ulcer like this; I will cure that as well. If not, I will kill you!’ it declared. The brāhmaṇa got scared and asked for a week’s time. He, however was sacred for his life (Kaliṅgasenā was embarrassed to tell the story further as she found it gross. She remained quiet for a moment and continued).

His daughter, who had left the house, saw her father, the brāhmaṇa worried for not having found another ulcer. She said – ‘Father! Send the piśāca to me informing that I have an ulcer. Ask the piśāca to cure the ulcer. I will then cheat it and send it away.’ When piśāca came the daughter took it to her room and showed her private parts and asked the piśāca to cure that ‘ulcer’. The piśāca couldn’t do it and it ran away. The brāhmaṇa was now relieved.

Even if princes attempt to perform misdeeds, we must try and rectify them intelligently”- she said. Somaprabhā was happy listening to the story. In the evening, she took leave of her friend and flew away to her place..

The following day, Somaprabhā brought with her a chest full of mechanised dolls. As soon as she activated one of the dolls, it flew to the sky and brought with it a floral garland. Another one, when activated, brought a drink with it. Another danced and yet another spoke. In this manner, Somaprabhā displayed their skill, spent some time with her and returned home.

To be continued...

The current article is a translation of Prof. A R Krishnasastri’s Kannada classic Kathāmṛta along with additional segments added from the original Kathā-sarit-sāgara (of Soma-deva). Bṛhat-kathā-mañjarī (of Kṣemendra) and Bṛhat-kathā-śloka-saṃgraha (of Budha-svāmin) have also been referred to. The translation has been rendered by Raghavendra GS, Arjun Bharadwaj, Srishan Thirumalai, and Hari Ravikumar.

The original Kannada version of Kathāmṛta is available for free online reading. So are the other works of Prof. Krishna Shastri.

Author(s)

About:

Prof. A R Krishna Sastri was a journalist, scholar, polyglot, and a pioneer of the modern Kannada renaissance, who founded the literary journal Prabuddha Karnāṭaka. His Vacana-bhārata and Kathāmṛta are classics of Kannada literature while his Saṃskṛta-nāṭaka and Bankimacandra are of unrivalled scholarship.

Prekshaa Publications

Indian Perspective of Truth and Beauty in Homer’s Epics is a unique work on the comparative study of the Greek Epics Iliad and Odyssey with the Indian Epics – Rāmāyaṇa and Mahābhārata. Homer, who laid the foundations for the classical tradition of the West, occupies a stature similar to that occupied by the seer-poets Vālmīki and Vyāsa, who are synonymous with the Indian culture. The author...

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the sixth volume of reminiscences character sketches of prominent public figures, liberals, and social workers. These remarkable personages hailing from different corners of South India are from a period that spans from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. Written in Kannada in the 1970s, these memoirs go...

An Introduction to Hinduism based on Primary Sources

Authors: Śatāvadhānī Dr. R Ganesh, Hari Ravikumar

What is the philosophical basis for Sanātana-dharma, the ancient Indian way of life? What makes it the most inclusive and natural of all religio-philosophical systems in the world?

The Essential Sanātana-dharma serves as a handbook for anyone who wishes to grasp the...

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the fifth volume, episodes from the lives of traditional savants responsible for upholding the Vedic culture. These memorable characters lived a life of opulence amidst poverty— theirs  was the wealth of the soul, far beyond money and gold. These vidvāns hailed from different corners of the erstwhile Mysore Kingdom and lived in...

Padma Bhushan Dr. Padma Subrahmanyam represents the quintessence of Sage Bharata’s art and Bhārata, the country that gave birth to the peerless seer of the Nāṭya-veda. Padma’s erudition in various streams of Indic knowledge, mastery over many classical arts, deep understanding of the nuances of Indian culture, creative genius, and sublime vision bolstered by the vedāntic and nationalistic...

Bhārata has been a land of plenty in many ways. We have had a timeless tradition of the twofold principle of Brāhma (spirit of wisdom) and Kṣāttra (spirit of valour) nourishing and protecting this sacred land. The Hindu civilisation, rooted in Sanātana-dharma, has constantly been enriched by brāhma and safeguarded by kṣāttra.
The renowned Sanskrit poet and scholar, Śatāvadhānī Dr. R...

ಛಂದೋವಿವೇಕವು ವರ್ಣವೃತ್ತ, ಮಾತ್ರಾಜಾತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಕರ್ಷಣಜಾತಿ ಎಂದು ವಿಭಕ್ತವಾದ ಎಲ್ಲ ಬಗೆಯ ಛಂದಸ್ಸುಗಳನ್ನೂ ವಿವೇಚಿಸುವ ಪ್ರಬಂಧಗಳ ಸಂಕಲನ. ಲೇಖಕರ ದೀರ್ಘಕಾಲಿಕ ಆಲೋಚನೆಯ ಸಾರವನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡ ಈ ಹೊತ್ತಗೆ ಪ್ರಧಾನವಾಗಿ ಛಂದಸ್ಸಿನ ಸೌಂದರ್ಯವನ್ನು ಲಕ್ಷಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ತೌಲನಿಕ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅಂತಃಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀಯ ಅಧ್ಯಯನಗಳ ತೆಕ್ಕೆಗೆ ಬರುವ ಬರೆಹಗಳೂ ಇಲ್ಲಿವೆ. ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಕಾರನಿಗಲ್ಲದೆ ಸಿದ್ಧಹಸ್ತನಾದ ಕವಿಗೆ ಮಾತ್ರ ಸ್ಫುರಿಸಬಲ್ಲ ಎಷ್ಟೋ ಹೊಳಹುಗಳು ಕೃತಿಯ ಮೌಲಿಕತೆಯನ್ನು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿಸಿವೆ. ಈ...

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the fourth volume, some character sketches of the Dewans of Mysore preceded by an account of the political framework of the State before Independence and followed by a review of the political conditions of the State after 1940. These remarkable leaders of Mysore lived in a period that spans from the mid-nineteenth century to the...

Bharatiya Kavya-mimamseya Hinnele is a monograph on Indian Aesthetics by Mahamahopadhyaya N. Ranganatha Sharma. The book discusses the history and significance of concepts pivotal to Indian literary theory. It is equally useful to the learned and the laity.

Sahitya-samhite is a collection of literary essays in Kannada. The book discusses aestheticians such as Ananda-vardhana and Rajashekhara; Sanskrit scholars such as Mena Ramakrishna Bhat, Sridhar Bhaskar Varnekar and K S Arjunwadkar; and Kannada litterateurs such as DVG, S L Bhyrappa and S R Ramaswamy. It has a foreword by Shatavadhani Dr. R Ganesh.

The Mahābhārata is the greatest epic in the world both in magnitude and profundity. A veritable cultural compendium of Bhārata-varṣa, it is a product of the creative genius of Maharṣi Kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyana Vyāsa. The epic captures the experiential wisdom of our civilization and all subsequent literary, artistic, and philosophical creations are indebted to it. To read the Mahābhārata is to...

Shiva Rama Krishna

சிவன். ராமன். கிருஷ்ணன்.
இந்திய பாரம்பரியத்தின் முப்பெரும் கதாநாயகர்கள்.
உயர் இந்தியாவில் தலைமுறைகள் பல கடந்தும் கடவுளர்களாக போற்றப்பட்டு வழிகாட்டிகளாக விளங்குபவர்கள்.
மனித ஒற்றுமை நூற்றாண்டுகால பரிணாம வளர்ச்சியின் பரிமாணம்.
தனிநபர்களாகவும், குடும்ப உறுப்பினர்களாகவும், சமுதாய பிரஜைகளாகவும் நாம் அனைவரும் பரிமளிக்கிறோம்.
சிவன் தனிமனித அடையாளமாக அமைகிறான்....

ऋतुभिः सह कवयः सदैव सम्बद्धाः। विशिष्य संस्कृतकवयः। यथा हि ऋतवः प्रतिसंवत्सरं प्रतिनवतामावहन्ति मानवेषु तथैव ऋतुवर्णनान्यपि काव्यरसिकेषु कामपि विच्छित्तिमातन्वते। ऋतुकल्याणं हि सत्यमिदमेव हृदि कृत्वा प्रवृत्तम्। नगरजीवनस्य यान्त्रिकतां मान्त्रिकतां च ध्वनदिदं चम्पूकाव्यं गद्यपद्यमिश्रितमिति सुव्यक्तमेव। ऐदम्पूर्वतया प्रायः पुरीपरिसरप्रसृतानाम् ऋतूनां विलासोऽत्र प्रपञ्चितः। बेङ्गलूरुनामके...

The Art and Science of Avadhānam in Sanskrit is a definitive work on Sāhityāvadhānam, a form of Indian classical art based on multitasking, lateral thinking, and extempore versification. Dotted throughout with tasteful examples, it expounds in great detail on the theory and practice of this unique performing art. It is as much a handbook of performance as it is an anthology of well-turned...

This anthology is a revised edition of the author's 1978 classic. This series of essays, containing his original research in various fields, throws light on the socio-cultural landscape of Tamil Nadu spanning several centuries. These compelling episodes will appeal to scholars and laymen alike.
“When superstitious mediaevalists mislead the country about its judicial past, we have to...

The cultural history of a nation, unlike the customary mainstream history, has a larger time-frame and encompasses the timeless ethos of a society undergirding the course of events and vicissitudes. A major key to the understanding of a society’s unique character is an appreciation of the far-reaching contributions by outstanding personalities of certain periods – especially in the realms of...

Prekṣaṇīyam is an anthology of essays on Indian classical dance and theatre authored by multifaceted scholar and creative genius, Śatāvadhānī Dr. R Ganesh. As a master of śāstra, a performing artiste (of the ancient art of Avadhānam), and a cultured rasika, he brings a unique, holistic perspective to every discussion. These essays deal with the philosophy, history, aesthetics, and practice of...

Yaugandharam

इदं किञ्चिद्यामलं काव्यं द्वयोः खण्डकाव्ययोः सङ्कलनरूपम्। रामानुरागानलं हि सीतापरित्यागाल्लक्ष्मणवियोगाच्च श्रीरामेणानुभूतं हृदयसङ्क्षोभं वर्णयति । वात्सल्यगोपालकं तु कदाचिद्भानूपरागसमये घटितं यशोदाश्रीकृष्णयोर्मेलनं वर्णयति । इदम्प्रथमतया संस्कृतसाहित्ये सम्पूर्णं काव्यं...

Vanitakavitotsavah

इदं खण्डकाव्यमान्तं मालिनीछन्दसोपनिबद्धं विलसति। मेनकाविश्वामित्रयोः समागमः, तत्फलतया शकुन्तलाया जननम्, मातापितृभ्यां त्यक्तस्य शिशोः कण्वमहर्षिणा परिपालनं चेति काव्यस्यास्येतिवृत्तसङ्क्षेपः।

Vaiphalyaphalam

इदं खण्डकाव्यमान्तं मालिनीछन्दसोपनिबद्धं विलसति। मेनकाविश्वामित्रयोः समागमः, तत्फलतया शकुन्तलाया जननम्, मातापितृभ्यां त्यक्तस्य शिशोः कण्वमहर्षिणा परिपालनं चेति काव्यस्यास्येतिवृत्तसङ्क्षेपः।

Nipunapraghunakam

इयं रचना दशसु रूपकेष्वन्यतमस्य भाणस्य निदर्शनतामुपैति। एकाङ्करूपकेऽस्मिन् शेखरकनामा चित्रोद्यमलेखकः केनापि हेतुना वियोगम् अनुभवतोश्चित्रलेखामिलिन्दकयोः समागमं सिसाधयिषुः कथामाकाशभाषणरूपेण निर्वहति।

Bharavatarastavah

अस्मिन् स्तोत्रकाव्ये भगवन्तं शिवं कविरभिष्टौति। वसन्ततिलकयोपनिबद्धस्य काव्यस्यास्य कविकृतम् उल्लाघनाभिधं व्याख्यानं च वर्तते।

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the third volume, some character sketches of great literary savants responsible for Kannada renaissance during the first half of the twentieth century. These remarkable...

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the second volume, episodes from the lives of remarkable exponents of classical music and dance, traditional storytellers, thespians, and connoisseurs; as well as his...

Karnataka’s celebrated polymath, D V Gundappa brings together in the first volume, episodes from the lives of great writers, poets, literary aficionados, exemplars of public life, literary scholars, noble-hearted common folk, advocates...

Evolution of Mahabharata and Other Writings on the Epic is the English translation of S R Ramaswamy's 1972 Kannada classic 'Mahabharatada Belavanige' along with seven of his essays on the great epic. It tells the riveting...

Shiva-Rama-Krishna is an English adaptation of Śatāvadhāni Dr. R Ganesh's popular lecture series on the three great...

Bharatilochana

ಮಹಾಮಾಹೇಶ್ವರ ಅಭಿನವಗುಪ್ತ ಜಗತ್ತಿನ ವಿದ್ಯಾವಲಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮರೆಯಲಾಗದ ಹೆಸರು. ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಶೈವದರ್ಶನ ಮತ್ತು ಸೌಂದರ್ಯಮೀಮಾಂಸೆಗಳ ಪರಮಾಚಾರ್ಯನಾಗಿ  ಸಾವಿರ ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ಇವನು ಜ್ಞಾನಪ್ರಪಂಚವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಭಾವಿಸುತ್ತಲೇ ಇದ್ದಾನೆ. ಭರತಮುನಿಯ ನಾಟ್ಯಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಇವನೊಬ್ಬನೇ ನಮಗಿರುವ ಆಲಂಬನ. ಇದೇ ರೀತಿ ರಸಧ್ವನಿಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತವನ್ನು...

Vagarthavismayasvadah

“वागर्थविस्मयास्वादः” प्रमुखतया साहित्यशास्त्रतत्त्वानि विमृशति । अत्र सौन्दर्यर्यशास्त्रीयमूलतत्त्वानि यथा रस-ध्वनि-वक्रता-औचित्यादीनि सुनिपुणं परामृष्टानि प्रतिनवे चिकित्सकप्रज्ञाप्रकाशे। तदन्तर एव संस्कृतवाङ्मयस्य सामर्थ्यसमाविष्कारोऽपि विहितः। क्वचिदिव च्छन्दोमीमांसा च...

The Best of Hiriyanna

The Best of Hiriyanna is a collection of forty-eight essays by Prof. M. Hiriyanna that sheds new light on Sanskrit Literature, Indian...

Stories Behind Verses

Stories Behind Verses is a remarkable collection of over a hundred anecdotes, each of which captures a story behind the composition of a Sanskrit verse. Collected over several years from...